Your (Unofficial) Guide to State-Sponsored Therapy in Arizona
There’s a way to get affordable mental health care that you might not know about. That’s Arizona’s mental health system.
If you qualify, you can get mental health care at a state-funded program for a small co-pay or a low sliding-scale fee. But even if you don’t qualify for services at a state-funded provider, Arizona’s system can still give you information, local referrals to affordable providers, and other essential help for free.
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If you’re in a hurry and want to get the most essential information about what’s available in the Arizona mental health system and who it’s for, you can read our quick start guide below.
Quick Start Guide
Quick facts about Arizona’s mental health system:
- Arizona has one of the best mental health crisis response systems in the country.
- However, Arizona struggles with low rates of access to mental health care and is making efforts to improve its community-based system.
- All publicly-funded mental health programs in Arizona accept Medicaid and offer low sliding-scale fees to people without insurance who otherwise qualify.
What services are available?
- Arizona’s mental health system can help you access specialty and intensive mental health services that can be hard to find anywhere else, like case management, day treatment, and wraparound care.
- Basic outpatient mental health services including psychiatric evaluation, medication management, and group and individual therapy are also available through the state-funded mental health system.
Who’s eligible?
- Some services, such as crisis and information lines, are available to any Arizona resident without exception.
- Most publicly-funded outpatient mental health services in Arizona have income requirements and only accept people who qualify for Medicaid or have a severe mental health condition.
- Some services are only available to people with severe conditions like major depression or schizophrenia. However, more people have one of these conditions than realize it! In fact, 1 in 10 Americans experience major depression each year.
Where can you get started?
- You can access mental health crisis and information services from anywhere in Arizona by dialing 988 or (844) 534-HOPE (4673).
- You can find your area’s non-emergency mental health numbers (as well as your local crisis line) by scrolling to your region in the directory below.
To learn more about public mental health services in Arizona, keep reading. We’ve done the research to uncover essential facts about who’s eligible, what services you can get, when to go, where to call, and how it works so you can decide if Arizona’s mental health system might be right for you.
Who Is Eligible?
You should consider looking into Arizona state mental health services if you (or a loved one) are having a mental health crisis, have a severe mental health condition, have Medicaid, or have a limited income.
Everyone in Arizona can use the state-funded mental health emergency response system. If you or someone you love is in crisis, you can call your local crisis line to get the help you need, quickly.
PRO TIP
Use the State System When You're in Crisis
Public mental health services are usually the best option if you’re having a mental health crisis and need help right away.
State mental health programs are required to provide mental health crisis response services and are one of the fastest ways to get care when you’re having a mental health emergency.
The people who answer Arizona’s crisis lines can provide caring attention and support as they help you determine the best response to a mental health crisis, whether it’s inpatient treatment or an appointment with a counselor.
Even if you’re not in crisis, you can call your local mental health hotline for information about affordable mental health services in your area. When you call, you can find out whether you might qualify for state-funded mental health services, schedule an assessment or intake appointment, or get free information about other affordable local providers.
Other parts of the system have stricter eligibility requirements. If you don’t have Medicaid, you need to have a serious mental health condition (a diagnosable condition that affects your daily functioning) to qualify for non-Medicaid public outpatient mental health care in Arizona. However, more people have a qualifying condition than realize it. Don’t assume you’re not eligible!
PRO TIP
Fast Facts About Eligibility in Arizona
Consider reaching out to a regional mental health program in Arizona if you:
- Are having a mental health emergency
- Have or are eligible for Arizona Medicaid
- Need to get information about affordable providers in your area
- Have a significantly limited income (138 percent of the federal poverty level or less)
- Have a serious mental health condition like major depression, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia
- Need specialty mental health care like day treatment, case management, wrap-around care, or home-based services
To get started, you can call your region’s mental health hotline. To find your local number, scroll to the directory below.
One of the most important requirements you need to meet to get services at a state-funded mental health program in Arizona is to be a resident of the region it serves.
It’s a great option if you’re a local resident with a public insurance plan. If you qualify for Medicaid, you’re eligible for your region’s public mental health program. All state-funded providers in Arizona accept Medicaid, and it can be hard to find other providers who do.
In fact, most of Arizona’s mental health funding comes from Medicaid, and more people qualify than ever. Arizona accepted Medicaid expansion under a waiver that allows anyone with income of up to 138 percent of the federal poverty level to qualify if they also meet the state’s work requirements.
So, it’s worth it to apply for Medicaid if you think you might be eligible and want to access affordable publicly-funded mental health care. You can also qualify if you have a severe mental health condition.
DEEP DIVE
Non-Medicaid Eligibility
To qualify for non-Medicaid public mental health services in Arizona, you must have a serious mental illness (SMI).
Like other states, Arizona defines a serious mental illness as a mental health condition that impairs your ability to function in everyday life.
For example, you may qualify as having SMI if your mental health condition affects your ability to care for yourself or maintain employment. You may also qualify if you’ve been hospitalized for mental health reasons. Qualifying diagnoses include:
- Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
- Anorexia, bulimia, and other eating disorders
- Borderline, narcissistic, avoidant, and other personality disorders
- Bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and other mood disorders
- Panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety, and other anxiety disorders
You likely qualify if you have a history of suicide attempts, psychotic episodes, or psychiatric hospitalization. You may also qualify if you’ve lost jobs because of depression.
All people who seek non-Medicaid public mental health services in the state of Arizona must be evaluated first. To find out whether you meet SMI criteria, you can call the statewide SMI Determination Line at (855) 832-2866.
If you’ve recently been hospitalized for mental health reasons or are homeless or chronically unemployed because of a mental health condition, you should call your regional program.
You probably qualify, and they can connect you with specialized services that are designed to help you address these challenges and regain stability while living at home in your local community.
If you qualify, you can also usually find affordable therapy and other basic outpatient mental health services like medication management through your regional mental health program.
PRO TIP
Check Out the State System If You Need Specialized Services
Regional mental health programs in Arizona are great places to call if you’re looking for specialized and intensive mental health services like case management and day treatment that can be hard to find anywhere else. These specialty programs can give you extra help when you’re dealing with severe symptoms.
You can find the number for your region’s program in the directory below. We encourage you to call even if you think you might not be eligible. Even if you’re not, they can probably still help you.
People who work in the public mental health system are knowledgeable about local resources and will often give you free information or even referrals to other affordable providers nearby, including local non-profits that provide free or low-cost counseling to people who don’t qualify for state-funded services.
Where Do You Call to Get Started?
The easiest way to learn more about state mental healthcare in Arizona is to call your region’s mental health hotline. Each region has its own independent program, so which services are available and how it works depends on where you live. To find your local number, scroll to the directory below.
PRO TIP
Important Numbers in Arizona
The national mental health crisis hotline is 988.
The statewide Arizona crisis hotline is (844) 534-HOPE (4673).
The national crisis text line is 741741. The statewide crisis text line is 44673.
Arizona NAZCARE runs a peer-to-peer warmline you can reach at (888) 404-5530.
Mental Health of America of Arizona also has a peer support warmline at (602) 347-1100.
You can reach the Arizona National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) Helpline by calling (480) 994-4407.
Copa Health offers a Behavioral Health Resource Access Line where you can get help navigating the mental health system at (480) 994-4407.
To inquire about eligibility for non-Medicaid public mental health services, you can call the Serious Mental Illness Determination Line at (855) 832-2866.
Public inpatient psychiatric services at the Arizona State Hospital are managed by the Arizona Department of Health Services. Public outpatient mental health services are primarily managed by the Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System (AHCCCS), Arizona’s Medicaid program. You can reach AHCCCS at (602) 417-4000 or (800) 654-8713.
However, you’ll probably get the best results by calling your regional program directly. You can find the number for your Regional Behavioral Health Authority in the directory below.
Regional Program Directory
Arizona administers public mental health services through a network of Regional Behavioral Health Authorities (RBHAs) and Tribal Regional Behavioral Health Authorities (TRBHAs).
To find out more about public mental health services in your area, you should call the RBHA assigned to your county or tribal nation. You can find their contact information below.
Regional Behavioral Health Authorities
- Northern Arizona Clinics and Crisis Lines
- Care First: Serving Apache, Coconino, Mohave, Yavapai, and Navajo Counties
- Nurse Advice Line: (877) 236-0375
- Member Services: (866) 560-4042
- Behavioral Health Crisis Hotline: (844) 534-4673
- Tohono O’Odham Nation Crisis Line: (844) 423-8759
- Peer-Operated Warm Line: (844) 733-9912
- Tribal Warm Line: (855) 728-8630
- Care First Provider Directory
- Navajo Nation Division of Behavioral and Mental Health Services
- Indian Health Service (IHS) for the Navajo Nation: (928) 871-4811
- Navajo Nation RBHA Member Services: (866) 841-0277
- Navajo Nation DBMHS Administrative Office: (928) 871-6240/6235
- Regional Behavioral Health Authority (Window Rock): (928) 871-6877
- Fort Defiance Crisis Response Team Information Line: (928) 729-4012
- Crisis Line (Navajo Nation Police Department, Window Rock Dispatch): (928) 871-6111/6112
- Navajo Nation Behavioral Health Service Locations
- Navajo Nation Local Mental Health Helplines
- Care First: Serving Apache, Coconino, Mohave, Yavapai, and Navajo Counties
- Central Arizona Clinics and Crisis Lines
- Mercy Care: Serving Maricopa, Gila, and Pinal Counties
- RBHA Member Services: (602) 586-1841 or (800) 564-5465
- Complete Care Member Services: (602) 263-3000 or (800) 624-3879
- Main Crisis Line: (844) 534-4673
- Maricopa County Crisis Line: (602) 222-9444
- Gila County Crisis Line: (877) 756-4090
- Peer-to-Peer Warm Line: (602) 347-1100
- Mental Health Block Grant Providers for Mercy Care
- Mercy Care Find a Provider Tool
- Gila River Indian Community Behavioral Health Services
- Gila River Health Care Main Number: (520) 562-3321
- Gila River Behavioral Health Service Access Line: (520) 550-6008 or (520) 562-3321 x7100
- Gila River Behavioral Health Service Access Line (from outside of the Gila River Indian Community): (602) 528-7100
- Gila River and Ak-Chin Indian Communities Behavioral Health Crisis Line: (800) 259-3449
- Salt River Pima Maricopa Indian Community Crisis Line: (855) 331-6432
- Indian Health Service (IHS) for Phoenix (Serving all Other Tribal Nations): (602) 364-5039 or (602) 364-5183 (crisis line)
- White Mountain Apache Tribal Regional Behavioral Health Authority
- Behavioral Health Helpline: (928) 338-4811
- Whiteriver IHS Indian Hospital: (928) 338-4911
- Mercy Care: Serving Maricopa, Gila, and Pinal Counties
- Southern Arizona Clinics and Crisis Lines
- Arizona Complete Health: Serving Cochise, Graham, Greenlee, La Paz, Pima, Pinal, Santa Cruz, and Yuma Counties and the San Carlos Apache Reservation
- Customer Service: (888) 788-4408
- Nurse Advice Line: (866) 534-5963
- Crisis Line: (866) 495-6735
- Peer-Operated Warm Line: (844) 733-9912
- Tribal Warm Line: (855) 728-8630
- Online Find a Provider Search Tool for Arizona Complete Health
- Pascua Yaqui Centered Spirit Behavioral Health Program
- Behavioral Health Daytime Crisis Line: (833) 860-5437
- Behavioral Health Access Line (Tucson): (520) 879-6060
- After-Hours Behavioral Health Crisis Line (Tucson): (520) 591-7206
- Behavioral Health Access Line (Guadalupe): (480) 768-2000
- After-Hours Behavioral Health Crisis Line (Guadalupe): (480) 736-4943
- Indian Health Service (IHS) for the Tohono O’Odham Nation and Pascua Yaqui Indian Tribe: (520) 295-2405
- Arizona Complete Health: Serving Cochise, Graham, Greenlee, La Paz, Pima, Pinal, Santa Cruz, and Yuma Counties and the San Carlos Apache Reservation
Each RBHA or TRBHA is responsible for operating a regional mental health crisis line, managing a network of providers for Medicaid and non-Medicaid public mental health services, and helping people access the public mental health system.
Crisis lines often function as both information and crisis lines, so consider calling one for help if you need mental health services right away.
Also Consider: Federally Qualified Health Centers
Federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) are another great way to get affordable publicly-funded mental health services in Arizona.
These federally-funded programs provide cutting-edge care in places where good primary healthcare was once hard to find. Most provide integrated care, meaning you can get primary medical and mental health services at the same location.
Each FQHC accepts Medicaid and Medicare and offers low sliding-scale fees if you don’t have insurance. Their eligibility requirements are generally less strict than the requirements for the state-funded system.
You can search for FQHCs near you by using the online search tool on the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration website.
Troubleshooting Guide
The state mental health system is complicated and can be confusing to navigate. If you’re having any issues, we’re here to help. Here are some of our solutions to common problems you might experience.
Problems and Solutions
1. There’s a long waiting list.
State-funded services are often in high demand. Arizona is working to shorten waiting times and make sure you can get seen for essential services right away. However, if you’re not in crisis, you may still have to wait before you can be seen by a therapist or other mental health provider.
Sometimes, it’s worth it to wait if you’ve found a good therapist or service. You can read our article on what to do before your first therapy session for tips on how to maintain your mental health while you wait.
If your symptoms are getting worse and you’re worried you can’t wait, you should call a crisis line. The caring people who answer can help you figure out if you need help right away and tell you where and how to get the level of care you need.
If you’re not in crisis but don’t want to wait, you can call a local hotline or your contact person at the agency to ask if there are other options. There may be another affordable local program they could tell you about that could meet your needs but has a shorter waiting list.
2. You’re not eligible for state-funded services.
If you’re not eligible for state mental health services in Arizona, the people at your regional program should still be able to help you.
Intake workers usually keep lists of affordable local mental health resources for people who aren’t eligible or would prefer to go somewhere else. Ask for information, resources, or even a direct referral to another provider.
3. The state system doesn’t offer the service you want.
If a program you qualify for doesn’t offer the service you need, you have two options.
One is to try an alternative service that they do offer. The other is to ask if they can recommend an affordable alternative provider who does offer that service.
If they do offer the service you want, but it’s limited, stand up for yourself if they try to get you to do something else. Don’t accept getting pushed into something you don’t want just because it’s easier for them or because they can get you in faster.
If you’re willing and able to wait, tell them you would prefer to wait for the service you want, whether that’s therapy, medication, or something else.
4. You don’t like your therapist.
You should never accept bad therapy—or bad mental healthcare of any kind—for any reason. This is just as true in the public system as it is anywhere else. If you have a bad therapist, ask for a new one at your existing program or look for another program.
If you’re not sure whether you have a bad therapist, you can read our articles on how to spot an unethical therapist and how to do a background check on a therapist. If you don’t like your therapist but wonder if it the problem might be fixable, you can read our articles, “What If I Don’t Like My Therapist?” and “How to Fix Problems with Your Therapist.”
If you don’t like the first therapist you’re assigned, ask someone at the agency if they have a webpage or list of therapists you can review. You can read their bios and see if you think one might be a better match. Not all agencies do this, but it doesn’t hurt to ask. You can read our article on how to choose a therapist for information on what to look for.
If you’ve run into a problem that we haven’t addressed, don’t give up. Call someone at the agency (or a state or regional hotline) and tell them what’s going on.
You’re much more likely to get the help you need when you advocate for yourself and are persistent. Tell the person you talk to what you need or what problem you’re having.
If they don’t help the first time, call them back and tell them. If you keep calling and keep calm and focused, you should eventually get through to someone who can help you.
Deep Dive: How Does the System Work?
To understand Arizona’s mental health system, it helps to understand how it started and how it’s changed since then.
Public mental health services have been around for a surprisingly long time. But for over a hundred years in America, the only way to get them was in a psychiatric hospital.
In the 1960s, Americans started thinking differently about mental health care. Conditions in psychiatric hospitals were getting worse and new medications made it possible to provide mental health treatment on an outpatient basis.
In response, new laws were passed that required state and local governments to establish community mental health programs as alternatives to institutionalization for people with serious mental illness.
DEEP DIVE
For More Information
To learn more about what the public mental health system was like in the early days—and how psychiatric inpatient care has evolved since then—you can read our article “Do Insane Asylums Still Exist? The Surprising Past and Present.”
To learn more about what inpatient mental health treatment is like now, and the differences between how it works in general hospitals and specialized psychiatric facilities, you can read our article “How Inpatient Mental Health Treatment Works.”
President John F. Kennedy signed the Community Mental Health Act into law in 1963. Arizona passed its own community mental health law that same year, authorizing the construction of community mental health programs while leaving it up to each county to decide whether to participate.
While some community mental health programs were founded in Arizona in the 1970s, Arizona did not set up an organized public mental health system until after it established its Division of Behavioral Health in 1986. That year, a judge found the state to be in violation of state and federal laws that required it to have a comprehensive community mental health system.
The Supreme Court upheld this ruling in 1989. In response, Arizona intensified its effort to build a cohesive mental health system.
DEEP DIVE
Arnold v. Sarn and the Arizona Mental Health System
In 1981, a class action lawsuit was filed on behalf of over 20,000 people with serious mental illness in Maricopa County.
The lawsuit, Arnold v. Sarn, challenged the State of Arizona for not providing its residents with sufficient community mental health services as required by state and federal law.
An Arizona state court ruled in favor of the plaintiffs in 1986, agreeing that Arizona was in violation of these laws and needed to establish a comprehensive community mental health system. The Supreme Court upheld the state court’s decision in 1989.
A “Joint Stipulation to Stay Litigation During Fiscal Budget Crisis” was signed in 2012, pausing any active attempts to hold the state accountable to the Arnold v. Sarn ruling. In 2014, the case was officially dismissed, ending the legal process that began in 1986.
However, the final settlement agreement still requires the state to expand community mental health services under the supervision of the court. In response, Arizona continues to work on expanding essential community supports, including assertive community treatment (ACT), supported housing and employment, and other services.
Arizona made some progress in establishing a statewide public mental health system in the 1990s and early 2000s. In 1992, it established its system of Regional Behavioral Health Authorities and Tribal Regional Behavioral Health Authorities, which it continues to use to this day.
Progress slowed by the 2010s. The 2008 national recession triggered a budget crisis in Arizona that had a negative impact on its public programs. In the years following the recession, state officials made severe cuts to mental health funding and significant changes to the public mental health system.
By 2010, Arizona had cut its budget for non-Medicaid behavioral health services by 47 percent. Since then, there have been more cuts, Arizona’s public mental health system has been partially privatized, and many community mental health providers have closed.
DEEP DIVE
Regional Behavioral Health Authorities
Arizona administers public mental health services through a network of Regional Behavioral Health Authorities (RBHAs) and Tribal Regional Behavioral Health Authorities (TRBHAs).
When these organizations were established in Arizona in 1992, the state designated six RBHAs and four TRBHAs, and they were all public and not-for-profit. Now there are three RBHAs and four TRBHAs and some are run by private for-profit companies.
In addition to providing services to people with Medicaid, RBHAs and TRBHAs use state and federal funding to serve people with serious mental illness who don’t have Medicaid (or another insurance plan) or who need services not covered by insurance.
Each RBHA or TRBHA is responsible for operating a regional mental health crisis line, managing a network of providers for Medicaid and non-Medicaid public mental health services, and helping people access the public mental health system.
Arizona is now taking steps to reverse this trend of cuts and service reductions and is working to establish a stronger community mental health system. In response to the 2014 legal agreement that ended the Arnold v. Sarn case, the state has been expanding essential community supports including assertive community treatment and supported housing.
To find out more about the system, you can call your county or tribal nation’s RBHA. They know how the system works and can help you figure out if it’s right for you or someone you love.
Conclusion
According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, only 44 percent of people in Arizona who have mental health conditions get treatment for them.
You can make a difference by reaching out and connecting with local mental health resources to get the care you need. If you’re not sure whether you qualify for Arizona state mental health services, call your state or local mental health information line. You may find out you can get mental health services through your regional program or that there’s another affordable option nearby.
The most important thing is to get started—the help you need may be only a call or click away.
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